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Hazardous materials and substances, such as chemicals and
asbestos, cause over 2,000 deaths in Australia every year. Exposure
to chemicals commonly used in workplaces can lead to a variety of
short and long term health effects, such as poisoning, skin rashes
and disorders of the lung, kidney and liver. Depending on the
product, a hazardous substance can take many forms - gas, powder,
liquid, solid or dust. The product may be pure or diluted.
Manufacturers and importers of hazardous substances are legally
obliged to include warning labels and Material Safety Data Sheets
(MSDS) with their products. This information offers advice on safe
handling practices. Common hazardous substances Many industrial,
agricultural and medical organisations use hazardous substances.
The degree of hazard depends on the concentration of the chemical.
Common hazardous substances in the workplace include:
- Acids
- Caustic substances
- Disinfectants
- Glues
- Heavy metals
- Lead Paint
- Pesticides
- Petroleum products
- PCB
- SMF
- Solvents.
Potential side effects Health effects depend on the type of
hazardous substance and the level of exposure. A hazardous
substance can be inhaled, splashed onto the skin or eyes, or
swallowed. Some of the potential health effects can include:
- Poisoning
- Nausea and vomiting
- Headache
- Skin rashes, such as dermatitis
- Chemical burns
- Birth defects
- Disorders of the lung, kidney or liver
- Nervous system disorders.
Labels and the MSDS Manufacturers and importers of hazardous
substances are required by law to provide warning labels and
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) with their products. Employers
must ensure that the MSDS for each hazardous substance used in the
workplace is available to workers, and that a central register of
hazardous substances is established. The warning label on a product
might feature cautionary words such as 'corrosive', 'poison' or
'hazardous'. The Material Safety Data Sheet lists important
information on handling the product safely, including:
- Potential health effects
- Precautions for use
- Safe storage suggestions
- Emergency first aid instructions
- Contact numbers for further information.
Reducing exposure Suggestions on reducing exposure to hazardous
substances in the workplace include:
- Where possible, perform the task without using hazardous
substances.
- Where possible, substitute hazardous substances with less toxic
alternatives.
- Hazardous substances should be isolated from workers in
separate storage areas.
- Storage areas should be separately ventilated from the rest of
the workplace.
- Workers should be thoroughly trained in handling and safety
procedures.
- Personal protection equipment - such as respirators, gloves and
goggles - should be worn.
- The workplace should be regularly monitored with appropriate
equipment to track the degree of hazardous substance in the air or
environment.
- Workers should be consulted regularly to maintain and improve
existing safety and handling practices.
Written records Certain records have to be maintained if
hazardous substances are used in the workplace, including:
- Details of risk assessments
- Results of air and environment tests, if required
- Details of health monitoring of workers, if required.
Professional advice Organisations such as the Victorian
WorkCover Authority can offer additional advice on how to comply
with regulations.
Medical help If you suspect you are suffering ill effects from
exposure to hazardous substances, see your doctor immediately for
treatment, information and referral. Notify your employer. Try not
to handle the hazardous substance again. Where to get help
- Your doctor
- Victorian WorkCover Authority Tel (03) 9641 1555 (head
office).
Things to remember
- Exposure to chemicals commonly used in workplaces can lead to a
variety of short and long term health effects.
- Manufacturers and importers of hazardous substances are
required by law to provide warning labels and Material Safety Data
Sheets (MSDS) with their products.
- Organisations such as the Victorian WorkCover Authority can
offer information and advice on how to reduce the risks of working
with hazardous substances.
The main control Statutory documents include; Regulations & Codes, etc
OHS Act 2004
OHS Hazardous Substances Regulations 1999
Hazardous Substances Code of Practice 2000
Safe Handling of Industrial Waste Code of Practice 2000
Dangerous Goods Regulations 2000
EPA Policies, Regulations and Standards | 
